The Political Context Of Sociology - 1118 Words

In his book, The Political Context of Sociology, Leon Bramson ( analyzes European theories of the mass and mass society. Bramson cites Wihelm Vleugls excretion that â€Å"not only do different authors associate different concepts with the word ‘mass’: often the same author will use the word to designate different concepts (p. 29). He says that the variety in concepts of â€Å"mass† is due to the historical changes in political groups and the extension of rights and powers to a larger citizenry in a post revolution Europe. With the victory of the bourgeoisie in France and the industrial factory system the â€Å"masses† was now a term reserved for as a pejorative for a new class of people. As Bramson traces the history of the terms mass and mass†¦show more content†¦He continues that this perspective of 19th century sociology turned into the theory of mass society in the 20th century. This is highlighted by the individuality and loneliness of l iving in large cities, the impersonality of social relationships, and living an â€Å"urban† life that emphasized money and abstraction. However, mass society theorists â€Å"stressed the importance of a primary group†¦ and the physical proximity of the members† (p.32). Bransom says that the sociologists of the 20th century refined the formulation of mass society concerning the disorganization of society because of industrialization and the demand for equality by the masses. With this analysis of mass and mass society, one can make clear connections between Bransom’s (1961) work on defining mass society and Gramsci’s (1971) work on his concept of hegemony. First, the ideas Bransom’s (1961) presents that mass society’s focus is to bring down the established primary group is similar to the ways Gramsci (1971) talks about the working class within a hegemonic system. Under Gramsci’s concept, the ultimate goal is for the working class to be conscious of how their function within the state and to ultimately work to subvert the ruling class ideology. His notion that organic intellectuals rise to bring social awareness to others in their community is similar to Bransom’s (1961) highlighting the importance of small occupational groups and family

Sexual Morality And The Catholic Church - 1180 Words

Sexual Morality and The Catholic Church All the feelings resulting from the urge to indulge in sexual impulses is virtually in everyone, as advertisements from burgers to any automobile can inform you. Along with that, the desire to glorify a divine being resonates within many as well. In early Abrahamic faiths, sex was commemorated as a source of holiness and sanctification when used in a proper manner. These proper manners consist of three points: 1. Only between man and woman (condemns homosexual partnerships) 2. The transmission of human life (condemns contraceptives) and 3. Solely within a lawful marriage. Therefore, it would be a struggle and somewhat contradicting to attempt in separating religion from sex. Christian fundamentalists argue that the act of sexual intercourse outside or before a marriage is considered to be unethical and morally wrong, with that they claim sexual acts are only to be carried out as a means for procreation, not pleasure. Religion has always played a significant role in what is deemed right or wrong pertaining to sexual acts, and although many may claim that revolutionary change has come within the church’s dealing on sexual morality, the Catholic church still strongly holds most of its traditional values. All sexual acts outside of marriage within the Catholic church are deemed as â€Å"†¦mortal sins, and never moral, regardless of intention or circumstance.† (Catholic Teaching on Sexuality) In a Catholics perspective, the holy bible tellsShow MoreRelatedThe Morality Of Female Contraception1735 Words   |  7 PagesThe Morality of Female Contraception The morality of contraception is subjective and heavily controversial among families, religious organizations, activist groups, politicians, and corporations. 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Original Writing Murder Story Free Essays

string(66) " relinquishing to the floor where I sunk into a bath of my tears\." You couldn’t imagine the feeling, hearing that your wife and children have been found slain. After hearing these words eight words, everything became a blur, I didn’t even hear what PC Maguire was saying I just stared, frozen to the to the carpet beneath me feet. Dead. We will write a custom essay sample on Original Writing Murder Story or any similar topic only for you Order Now My family, my girls, my beautiful girls gone. A feeling of sickness came over me, I was sick, over and over for about 20 minutes, I headed downstairs, avoiding the family photos which hung above the stairs hoping they would just disappear. Downstairs PC Maguire was sat waiting for me, he’d already told me how it happened but I couldn’t hear. On hearing the events again I ran back to the bathroom and was vomiting until there it felt like there was nothing left apart from my cold soul, then went back to staring just sat on my bathroom floor looking at nothing for hours by the time I finally went downstairs PC Maguire and his colleague had of course gone. They’d gone to my wife Maggie’s mothers for the weekend in Leeds, the last time I saw them I was rushing to get ready for work on Friday morning. Katie, my eldest was trying to get my attention she wanted me to read her a story before I left, I always read her stories before she went to bed and as I wouldn’t be with her at the weekend she insisted on one now, but I didn’t I was too busy flapping about trying find the paperwork for my meeting that afternoon, I kissed her on the forehead and my baby Abigail’s; gave my wife a hug and ran out the door. I regret so much not reading that story, not stopping and feeding Abigail, not telling Maggie I love her, I love her more than anything in this world. A teenager found them early Monday morning behind the newsagent on his paper-round route, huddled together battered and bloodied, they’d been there all night. The police think that Maggie had stopped to go into the shop for a pack of cigarettes, leaving the girls in the car not even for a minute, but someone had taken the girls and somehow they all ended up behind the shop where they were beaten to a pulp before being strangled to death. The police have no idea to who did it and neither do I. We can’t have a funeral yet due to the investigation but I’ve had to tell people, Maggie’s parents and siblings, my parents other people have found out through the local papers and hundreds of flowers have been left by the public against the shop, but it doesn’t stop the pain not even for a second. Not a minute goes by without me trying to work out who would have wante to cause such pain, and the awful feeling that it could be someone close, someone they knew and felt safe with, I’m racked with guilt, I wasn’t there to protect my own family. My family was and still is an odd one, maybe that’s why I wanted to have a ‘normal’ family. I never knew my Dad he left before I was born and my mother never got over it, apparently he left to be with another woman who he’d also pregnant with his rotten seed. I have one brother, always a bit of a bad boy it was no surprise when he landed himself in prison for G.B.H, I hadn’t seen him for over a year before he got sent down and haven’t seen him since, 4 years it’s a dam’ shame. although my mother has tried with letters I would rather not have him in my life, I didn’t want him in my family’s life to be more specific. We’ve tried to help him in the past; he even lived with us for a few months months, but 3 months down the line he just left, no note, no â€Å"good bye† just my wife’s peruse and children’s piggy banks and haven’t seen him since. As my family’s trauma was being splashed over local news the police investigation continued, the news-agents had only had CCTV inside the store, although England has turned to a camera heaven no CCTV had been installed behind the shop where my babies were found. I was then shown the tape in which Maggie was buying her cigarettes, the tape wasn’t very good quality, you couldn’t even make out my wife’s beautiful face.I could see the car vaguely through to open shop door. A man walked up to our family car with the girls inside opening the door picking up Abigail and taking her out of her car seat then walking away with Abby in his arms and Katie holding on to his hand. This made the police believe that the girls knew him and went willingly with him, he was wearing a hood and never looked toward to shop door so even with the bad quality we had no chance of identifying his face. Finally Maggie leaves the shop and stands motionless outside staring at the car then looking left and right; the tape came too much for me, I turned my head toward the wall, I clenched my fists, gripping onto the sweat running from each palm, equivocal emotions where in-caged within me; the instinct of anger couldn’t help but be fused with the pain of guilt as the Images of what happened that day begun toying with my imagination. The girls obviously knew this man to go off with him, which surely means I know him, the worst had come to reality; memories of a not so long ago time began whispering into my ear reminding me of what once used to be the family room, the anger started possessing me as my heart started beating against my chest faster and faster before relinquishing to the floor where I sunk into a bath of my tears. You read "Original Writing Murder Story" in category "Papers" The police could sense the animosity in the air and politely left. The pain slowly faded as I slowly drifted asleep on the living room floor. When I woke up I paced though my brain hacking into old memories to conclude who it could be, I start accusing my closest and dearest friends in my head, how could it be one of them†¦ how has this happened?! At that moment the doorbell rang. People had tried ringing all week but I haven’t felt the will to answer, I guess now I have to face the world once again and answer; there is a pile of notes scattered across the hall that people have posted through the letterbox. I open the door, and I’m shocked to the core, it’s him. I can’t speak or move, He tells me he has good news, I hope he’s telling me he’s finally gone clean; I politely invite him in, as he passes me the stench of memorable cigarette smoke drifts across my face, I look up and down his figure as he walks into the living room, a blood stained handle was peaking from his trouser back pocket, I briskly contemplated on what it could of been the object could of pressed against, I became cognizant of what was going on, anger which once was transfixed in guilt now seemed contradictory, once again evocative visions paced though my mind. I run at him swinging in every direction with all my might, it throws him but not much he was always the tougher one. Then I feel it, the sharp pain in my hip, I step back and see the blood flowing, but I can no longer feel it I’m numb. Before I can retaliate he has me gripped round the neck, knife to my throat and before I know it I’m strapped in a chair duck tape over my mouth, around my hands and feet and also around my stomach keeping me in the chair. My brother takes down his hood and gives a wicked grin, ‘Hello Daniel’ he whispers in my ear. I struggle in my chair and he just laughs, ‘Poor Danny, you were always the superior one weren’t you, well look at you now! You have nothing; no one’s coming to your rescue are they Danny? You’re Alone.’ He takes great pleasure in me what I know to be true, all the time waving his blood soaked knife around. ‘It’s a shame what happened to those little kiddies isn’t it Danny? Such beautiful girls just like Maggie.’ He says licking his lips menacingly. I want to scream, I wanted to shout words which I’ve never used since my youth, but I can’t so I just continue to struggle in my chair hoping to loosen the tape. ‘What about Katie? Looks an awful lot like Maggie doesn’t she? Not so much like you though Daniel, that’s odd isn’t it?’ My wrists are starting to bleed from the firmly fastened tape but I can’t feel it, my clothes have turned crimson. What is he saying? ‘Remember that lovely few months I spent here with you Danny? You were trying to get me on the straight and narrow weren’t you? You were so stupid, while you were busying yourself getting me on this course and that course you had no idea what was going on right here did you? In this house, in your bed, with your wife.’ My hands were freed and I ripped the tape off my mouth ‘Maggie would never go anywhere near you, your scum!’ I screeched. ‘Well of course she resisted, but she loved it really†¦every time.’ He said slowly right in my face. I punched him. He stumbled backwards holding his jaw before chuckling to himself. ‘You idiot Danny, Katie, she’s mine, or should I say she was ha’ he laughed. ‘No no no no no NO!’ I said it over and over trying to grab at him but the rest of me was still fastened tightly to the chair. He then explains in detail every encounter he had with my wife, my precious wife raped by a monster in my home and I knew nothing all the time I’m screaming no over and over my face soaked with tears. But I knew it was true, Maggie kept asking me to make him leave and I wouldn’t because I wanted to help him, she was on edge the whole time and I just thought it was because she didn’t like him. She wanted a new bed but I said no and I remember that when he’d fled with our rent money she seemed so relieved. How could I have not known? ‘I thought about her every day in prison, I loved her I wanted to be with her and my daughter. So of course when I got out she was my first stop, but she wouldn’t talk to me when I came to the house. It was a different story when I had your beloved children. But she didn’t want me, not nice is it Danny? When the woman you love doesn’t want you so I decided if I couldn’t have her, and Katie, you couldn’t either so I killed them.’ What about Abby? If you didn’t want Abby why did you kill her too?!’ I yelled. ‘It was unfortunate for her, she was just there’ he shrugged. This is when my anger took hold of my and I forced my way out of my restraints, I picked up the chair and struck him once, twice, three times. He fell to the ground and I stood over him, my foot to his neck ‘You sick bastard’ I cried then stood on his neck until he was gasping for air and clutching his throat, then he was gone. I fell to the ground beside him, I knew now that it was over for me too but I couldn’t move, my eyes closed blood still pumping from my hip, my time is here. How to cite Original Writing Murder Story, Papers

Ratio Analysis of Ultra Electronics and Boeing - Sample Solution

Question: Describe about the Ratio Analysis of Ultra Electronics and Boeing company? Answer: About the companies: Both the companies under review belong to the industry of Aerospace and Defence. Ultra Electronics is the company that offers many of the generating highly differentiated solutions and solutions with the products in Defence and Aerospace, Security, Cyber, Transport and Energy market by applying the electronic and software technologies in demanding and critical environments in order to meet the needs of the customers. The company uses innovation to meet the different requirements of its customers and better than the solutions that are offered by its competitors. (Ultra electronics, 2015) Boeing is one of the largest aerospace company and a leading manufacturer of the commercial jetliners and defence, space and security systems. It is the top US exporter and the company supports airlines and the US and the allied government customers in more than 150 countries. The company offers its products and the tailored services that includes the commercial and military aircraft, satellites, weapons, electronic and defence systems, launch systems, advanced information and communication systems, and performance-based logistics and training. (Boeing, 2015) Introduction: Ultra Electronics increasingly uses its wide portfolio of the specialist capabilities that allows its highly differentiated solutions into the defence and aerospace, security and cyber and transport and the energy market sectors. It is this broad diversity that gives a good resilience to the financial performance of the company and goes onto provide the solid growth. During the last 12 months, the group has used the uncertainty in the US government funded market but the lack of clarity has resulted in the delays in the expected orders, approvals and payments. It is the continued fiscal pressures that results in the broader government funded markets, changing market dynamics that have tested the business model of the company. But the groups sustained investment and the constant focus on improving the operational efficiencies along with its inherent agility that has shown the model that it is robust and has positioned the company for growth during the times of the normal returns. (Ultra electronics, 2015) The revenue of Boeing increased by 6% during the year and recorded an amount of $86.6 billion with the increase of 20% in the core earnings per share. The earnings per share were recorded at $7.07. The core earnings were set between $7 and $7.20 whereas the GAAP earnings per share were set between $6.10 and $6.30. The revenue guidance were set between $87.5 and $90.5 billion. The chairman reported that the operating cash flow before the amount of pension were estimated to be $7 billion whereas the operating cash flows before the set at $6.25 billion. The fourth quarter results recorded an increased amount of the revenue and earnings along with an increased returns to the shareholders. The following is the graph for the 5 years: This report aims at discussing the various aspects and the indicators and ratios in respect of Boeing (which is the target company and is being compared with the Ultra Electronics) and then giving the recommendations as to how the same could be improved. Performance: In the end of the November, Boeing had employed about 82,500 in state of Washington, but this number has reduced from 3,900 from January 2013. Even then, the investors love the company. The orders and the backlog are very strong for the airliners. The sector of defence sector has not been hit by the market as was expected. The balance sheet shows a very good performance of the company. The company went on to raise its dividend by 50% and had also announced a $10 billion stock buyback. The dividend alone meant that about $2.16 billion worth of shareholders next year. (Seattle times, 2015) The legal disclaimers that are followed in the market are the legal disclaimers that included the marketing and advertising around the funds and other investments. The company enjoys a great track record in the area of business and it also inspires confidence about the performance in the future. The past financial performance of the company is very impressive. From the past 5 years, the group has indicated that it has a compounded annual growth rate of 16pn. The return of the shareholders includes the rise in the share price and the payments of the dividends. The company has also forecasted the rise of 11pc with the pre-tax profits with 23pc. The balance sheet of the company is robust with the net cash. The company enjoys the history of making the sensible strategic purchases work. The shares yield about 2.3 pc trading on the December 2011 earnings. (Telegraph, 2015) Cash flow statements: In respect of Boeing, the operating cash flows during the last quarter were $1.4 billion and this reflected the production rates of the commercial airplanes and strong core operating performance and the timing of the receipts and the expenditures. During the year, the company has repurchased the 7.6 million shares for $1billion and then paid .4 billion as dividends. On the basis of the strong cash generation and the outlook, the board authorized to pay an additional $10 billion share repurchase program and then raised the quarterly dividend of 50%. In respect of Ultra electronics, the notes of the cash flow statement shows that the company has incurred an impairment loss of $44,239 thousand during the year 2013. There is a significant amount of an increase in the receivables from $5,696 thousands to $43,144 thousands. There is a significant change in the cash outflow from the fall in the debt and the finance lease from $8898 to 521 thousands. Non-financial performance indicators: Ultra electronics: The company enjoys the portfolio of its specialist areas. The company concentrates on providing its customers with the capabilities and the systems by using the groups electronic and the software solutions of the niche markets in defence, transport and energy. The company focusses on the development of the specialist capabilities that provides the differentiated solutions in order to cater to the requirements of the customers. The company has about 150 specialist capability areas. The customer base of the company has widened and this allows its wide portfolio of the specialist capabilities to its customers around the world. The company is a supplier to a wide variety of different project offices, integrated project teams and the platform teams. It also caters to the larger number of different customers. The geographic footprint of the company has pursed the company in gaining an access into the second largest addressable defence budgets in the world. The US spends more on each of the defence each and every year than the rest of the countries when counted together. The majority of the acquisitions of the company has rather been been in North America. (Ultra electronics, 2015) Boeing: The company is all set to the core values that only define who they actually are and also, serve as the guideposts that helps the company in becoming it desires to be. The company takes a high road when it comes to practising the highest ethical standards and in honouring its commitments. It takes its personal responsibility for its own actions. The company strives for the first time quality and aims at continuous improvement in meeting the standards of excellence stakeholders that are expected from them. The company values the human life and health above anyone else and takes the actions according to the maintenance of the safety in the work places, products and the services. The company feels personally accountable towards the safety and collective responsibility for the safety of the people. In meeting the quality, costa and schedule, the safety is never compromised. The company values its skills, strengths and the visions and views of the diverse teams. The company foster the collaborative workplace and engages the employees where they find the solutions for their customers in order to fulfil their common business objectives. The company acts with integrity, consistence and honesty. They value culture, openness and inclusion in which each and every one is treated fairly and where everyone has an opportunity to contribute. The company is a responsible partner, partner, neighbour and citizen to the diverse communities and the customers that it serves. It promotes health and the wellbeing of the people their families and the communities. The company is very cautious about its environment. It volunteers and financially supports education and the other worthy causes. The company operates profitably and with integrity. The customers are provided with the best value innovation and with this, they achieve the competitive edge of their own markets and enables its employees to work in a safe and an ethical environment with a highly attractive and a competitive mix of the pay along with the benefits. The companys hares its ability of the future success and rewards its customers by maximising their wealth. The company conducts its business lawfully and ethically when it comes to their suppliers and helps in strengthening the communities all around the world. (Boeing, 2015) SWOT Analysis of Boeing: Strengths: The strengths of the company includes the fact that it builds the best products in the world and produces a variety of the products to meet the demand of the different customers. Weakness: The company spends a huge amount of money in research and development each and every year and this affects its earnings. The company has a huge amount pf pension cost. Opportunities: The company has very good image in the eyes of its customers and this makes the products of the company reliable. The employees drill around 18 million holes each year and this shows that the company has an opportunity to improve its performance and produce best quality products. Threats: This industry is best affected by the regulations and the contracts of the government and this is very uncertain. Ratio analysis: The following are the ratios that have been calculated. (Amounts in in thousands) (Amounts in $ in millions) Ultra electronics Boeing company Profitability ratios: Profit before interest and taxation 49281 6618 Equity and debt 393843 23069 Return on capital employed 12.51% 28.69% Net profit after taxes 38157 4585 Equity 321179 14997 Return on equity 11.88% 30.57% Net profit after taxes 38157 4586 Revenue 745154 86623 Net profit ratio 5.12% 5.29% Gross profit 221467 13430 Revenue 745154 86623 Gross profit ratio 29.72% 15.50% Need to improve Liquidity ratios: Current assets 334021 65074 Current liabilities 305795 51486 Current ratio 1.092303667 1.263916404 Current assets-stock 276247 22162 Current liabilities 305795 51486 Quick ratio 0.903373175 0.430447112 Need to improve Efficiency ratios: Inventory*365 21087510 15662880 Cost of sales 523687 73193 Inventory holding period 40.26739255 213.9942344 Need to improve Debtors*365 87569340 2389290 Revenue 745154 86623 Debtors holding period 117.5184459 27.58262817 Creditors*365 98516055 3466770 Cost of sales 523687 73193 Creditors holding period 188.120108 47.36477532 Need to improve Financial structure: Long term borrowings 72664 8072 Long term borrowings equity 393843 23069 Gearing ratio 18.45% 34.99% Profit before interest and taxes 49281 6618 Interest expense 9723 386 Interest cover 5.068497377 17.14507772 The following are the comparative ratios for the 3 years: (Amounts in $ in millions) 2013 2012 2011 Boeing company Profitability ratios: Profit before interest and taxation 6618 6352 5891 Equity and debt 23069 14940 13626 Return on capital employed 28.69% 42.52% 43.23% Net profit after taxes 4585 3900 4018 Equity 14997 5967 10018 Return on equity 30.57% 65.36% 40.11% Net profit after taxes 4585 3900 4018 Revenue 86623 81698 68735 Net profit ratio 5.29% 4.77% 5.85% Gross profit 13430 13142 12996 Revenue 86623 81698 68735 Gross profit ratio 15.50% 16.09% 18.91% Liquidity ratios: Current assets 65074 57309 49810 Current liabilities 51486 44982 41274 Current ratio 1.263916404 1.274042951 1.206813006 Current assets-stock 22162 19558 17570 Current liabilities 51486 44982 41274 Quick ratio 0.430447112 0.434796141 0.425691719 Efficiency ratios: Inventory*365 15662880 13779115 11767600 Cost of sales 73193 68556 55739 Inventory holding period 213.9942344 200.99065 211.1196828 Debtors*365 2389290 2046920 2114445 Revenue 86623 81698 68735 Debtors holding period 27.58262817 25.0547137 30.76227541 Creditors*365 3466770 3428810 3068190 Cost of sales 73193 68556 55739 Creditors holding period 47.36477532 50.01473248 55.04565923 Financial structure: Long term borrowings 8072 8973 10018 Long term borrowings equity 23069 14940 13626 Gearing ratio 34.99% 60.06% 73.52% Profit before interest and taxes 6618 6352 5891 Interest expense 386 442 498 Interest cover 17.14507772 14.37104072 11.82931727 Explanations: Return and risk: A risk is the likelihood that the expected return would be different from the actual return. Return can either be a loss or a profit. Profitability: Profitability is the potential of a business to yield gain or profit. Profitability is measured by the profitability ratios like profit margin, return on assets ratio, and return on equity ratio. Return on capital employed: Return on capital employed is the return that the company earns form the amount of money that it has invested in the business. The graph shows a downward trend which indicates that there has been a decrease in the % of the return on the capital employed. This is not good for the company. The main reason for the same were the increase in the profit and increase in debt and equity. Return on equity (ROE): ROE are the earnings that the company earns by investing the funds of the shareholders in the business. The more the return on equity, the better is the profitability of the business. It is arrived at by dividing the net income by the average of opening as well as the closing balance of the shareholders equity. The graph shows a downward trend which indicates that there has been a decrease in the % of the return on the equity of the shareholder. This is not good for the company. The reason for the same could be an increase in the net profit and increase in the equity. Profit margin ratio: It is the ratio that is expressed between the net income that is earned by a company and the sales that are affected during that period. It is arrived at by dividing the net income by sales. The graph shows the ratio to be at the same level. The reason for the same could be the increase in the net profit and revenues. There has been a reduction in the amount of the gross profit. The reason for the same could be the rise in the revenue but not the same level of increase in the gross profits. Current ratio: Current ratio is the measure that tells us as to what extent the current assets are able to pay off the current liabilities of the company. It is arrived at by dividing the current assets by the current liabilities. The graph shows an increase which is a good thing since the company will be able to meet its obligations easily. The reason for the increase could be the rise in the current assets and current liabilities. Acid test ratio: Quick or the acid test ratio is the measure to determine the extent to which the current assets, except inventory, are able to pay off the current liabilities of the company. It is arrive at by dividing the sum of cash, accounts receivables and short term investments by the current liabilities. The graph shows an increase which is a good thing since the company will be able to meet its obligations easily. The reason for the increase could be the rise in the current assets less inventory and current liabilities. Inventory turnover ratio: It is a measure that estimates the number of times a company replaces its inventory during a year. It is arrived at by dividing the cost of goods sold by the average of opening and closing inventory. When we divide the inventory by the cost of sales multiplied by 365, we get the number of days that are taken to convert the inventory into sales. The graph shows an increase in the number of days. This shows that the company is now taking more days to convert its inventory into sales. The reason for the same was increase in inventory and increase in the cost of sales. Accounts receivable turnover ratio: It is a measure through which the company estimates the number of times the company collects the balance in the accounts receivables account. It is arrived at by dividing the sales by the average of opening and closing accounts receivable. When we divide the debtors by the revenue multiplied by 365, we get the number of days that are taken to convert the accounts receivables into cash. The number of days have decreased which indicates that the company is able to convert its receivables into cash much faster now and therefore, enjoys a good cash position. Accounts payable turnover ratio: It is a measure through which the company estimates the number of times the company pays the balance in the accounts payable account (to its suppliers). It is arrived at by dividing the purchases made during the year by the average accounts payable. When we divide the creditors by the cost of sales multiplied by 365, we get the number of days that are taken to convert the accounts payables into cash. The graph shows a decrease which indicates that the company is paying off its creditors faster now. Gearing ratio: This is the ratio that shows the degree to which the firm's activities are funded by owner's funds versus creditor's funds. The more the ratio, the more riskily is the company. The gearing ratio of the company has deceased which indicates that the company is less risky now. Interest coverage ratio: It is the ratio used to determine the ease with which the company is able to pay off the interest on outstanding borrowings. It is arrived at by dividing the earnings before interest and taxes by the interest expense. The ratio has increased which is a good sign is since, it merely shows that the companys revenues are able to cover the interest. Conclusion and recommendations: The ratios that have been calculated above shows that the company has suffered a fall in its performance but it is able to cover its interest expense by more number of times. The company must focus on reducing its expenses. It must start looking for the ways through which the costs could be reduced by switching off to the less costly options that are available in the market but at the same time, must never compromise on the quality of the services and the products that it offers. The company must focus on increasing its profit amount since the financial reports shows an increase in the equity and debt only and no corresponding increasing at par with the profit margin. The company must concentrate on the ways through it can increase its profits since there has been a continuous increase in the equity but no corresponding increase in the profit. As the result, the ratio has reduced. The company must offer its customers discounts, payment options, etc. so that it can convert its inventory into sales at a much faster pace. References: Boeing.com, (2015). Boeing: Boeing in Brief. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://www.boeing.com/boeing/companyoffices/aboutus/brief.page Boeing.com, (2015). Boeing: Culture Values. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://www.boeing.com/boeing/aboutus/culture/index.page? Boeing.com, (2015). Boeing: The Boeing Company. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://www.boeing.com/boeing/ hsprod.investis.com, (2015). Annual report 2010. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://hsprod.investis.com/ir/ule/pdf/Annual_report_2010.pdf hsprod.investis.com, (2015). Annual report 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://hsprod.investis.com/ir/ule/pdf/ultra-ara-2013.pdf Talon, J. (2015). Boeing's soaring performance in 2013. The Seattle Times. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://blogs.seattletimes.com/jontalton/2013/12/31/boeings-soaring-performance-in-2013/ Ultra-electronics.com, (2015). Ultra Electronics | Group overview. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://www.ultra-electronics.com/about-us/group-overview.aspx Ultra-electronics.com, (2015). Ultra Electronics | Welcome. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://www.ultra-electronics.com/ White, G. (2011). Questor share tip: Good time to invest in under-rated defense company - Telegraph. Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 8 February 2015, from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/questor/8635545/Questor-share-tip-Good-time-to-invest-in-under-rated-defence-company.html

Strategic Issues and Problems Affecting Starbucks Company

Diversity In the company, there are interactions among the people from different backgrounds, sexes, religions, and social status. Indeed, diversity that the company experiences, poses a great challenge to management, that has to assure the stakeholders and potential customers of unilateralism. In fact, it was only through impartiality that the company could achieve sustained growth. Therefore, the management had to find a way of dealing with the dilemmas before it worsens the company operations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Issues and Problems Affecting Starbucks Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conflict of Interest In this company, conflict of interest occurs when one’s interests affect his/her duties and the level of performance. Additionally, it lowers a person’s integrity, and might cause anxiety in the company. Notably, organizational ethics calls for the fact that the wor kers, stakeholders and customers should not be overwhelmed with personal interests at the expense of their duties. This might compromise the quality of their produces and integrity, because self-interest and nature of the duty may not have any relationship. Analysis and Evaluation (SWOT) Company Strengths The company is operated in a chain of coffee shops in various locations across the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada, thus it commands the market and beverage industry (McWilliams and Matten 42). Therefore, consumers have the freedom to select from a range of coffee drinks and products served at Starbucks restaurants. The other strength of the company is the development of a website, designed to give relevant information about the drinks and other products that it sells. Company Weakness The company experience is the slow in the supply of the coffee that it uses in making the drinks. It means that the quantity they receive from the suppliers is short of the market demand s even within America. This emphasizes the need for increasing the production of coffee to cater for the increasing demands. In addition, the pricing of similar products that the small scale restaurants fix on similar products is also seen as a weakness to the giant company, since some of its customers are lost (McWilliams and Matten 44). Opportunities for the Company The quality products that the company sells and health concerns of the people in the developed nations have created an unending opportunity for the company. This shapes the buyer behavior and promotes its growth in the industry. Certainly, the involvement of the company in corporate social responsibility is also seen as an opportunity for growth (McWilliams and Matten 45). Finally, the company has built a brand in the coffee sector of the economy, hence enjoys the monopoly of the market. Threats to the Company The company has witnessed stiff competition from other local restaurants offering similar products. Notably, t he competition is in terms of product quality, good pricing, the kind of service given to the potential clients and the varieties available for the customers (McWilliams and Matten 47). Recommendations In order to improve its public image, eliminate conflict of interest and increase sales volume, the company should rely on innovation to accommodate diversity and improve the services to its clients. Secondly, it has to insist on the quality of its products, which must remain at its highest. It should also carryout vigorous sales promotions thereby attract more people to buy from their stores. The measures would make most of the buyers reconsider their preference for the company products.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited McWilliams, Crane, and D. Matten. Business Ethics: Starbucks Corporation, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010. Print. This essay on Strategic Issues and Problems Affecting Starbucks Company was written and submitted by user Audriana Pacheco to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Desire †The Wife of Bath

Desire – The Wife of Bath Free Online Research Papers What do you desire? Is it love or family? The Wife of Bath was a woman, who desired only a few simple things in life. She made mirror images of herself, through her stories, which in some ways reflected the person she really was. In our world, however, people desire so many more things. My desires are truly what I want to live by. The Wife of Bath wished for the obvious wants of woman, but what she most desired above all, was being more powerful than her man, her spouse, her lover. In a relationship, she wished to be the dominant of the two. The Wife of Bath wanted to be the one who had the last say, the one who was in control and decided all of the matters in the relationship. This was shown in her tale when the knight fulfilled his task to her. â€Å"a woman wants the self-same sovereignty over her husband and her lover. And master him: he must not be above her. This is your greatest wish In the court not one that shook her head or contradicted what the knight had said† (lines 164-170) The knight had spoken and fulfilled his quest; he found what women wanted the most. No women in the assembly disagreed with the knights reply and certainly not the old hag. According to this scene, true power was what women wanted the most. There was another example of the desire that deals with power, beauty, and happiness for a woman in a relationship. The old hag, after marrying the knight, gives him a choice. She can either stay ugly and be faithful, or become beautiful and wonder. â€Å"My lady, my love, my dearest wife, I leave the matter to your wise decision. You make the choice yourself, for the provision. I dont care which; whatever pleases you suffices me.† â€Å"Have I won the mastery?† she said. â€Å"Since I am to choose and rule as I think fit?† â€Å"Certainly, wife, thats it.† (lines 310-318) Consequently, the hag became beautiful, yet still was faithful. This example shows how happy the woman became when she was given the power and beauty. She was so happy that she rewarded her husband by becoming beautiful. â€Å"And may Christ Jesus send us husbands that are meek and young and fresh in bed. And grace to overbid them when we wed and Jesus hear my prayer! cut short the l ives of those who wont be governed by their wives.† (lines 338-343) This desire also led to envy of the characters in the wife’s story. By comparing the Wife of Baths prologue to her tale it becomes very visible that she is jealous of the old hag in her story. The hag was given the power and dominance over her husband. In the wifes true life it was not like that. Since the Wife of Bath loved Johnny, her fifth husband, so much she gave him all of her possessions, in turn giving him the power. â€Å"I gave my whole heart up for him to holdI handed him all the money, (she had never done this before) lands, and all that ever had been given me before; this I repented more and more. None of my pleasures would he let me seekhe smote me once upon the cheek† Through this statement made by the wife it shows that her fifth husband had the upper hand. This is not what she desired. The Wife of Bath became jealous of her own character, the old lady hag, because she had what the wife wanted. The hag had power, beauty, and happiness. She was given the choice, while the wife had the choice taken from her. This was also where c haracterization came in. The way The Wife of Baths Tale is written showed a similarity between the wifes prologue and her story. The major characteristic shown was the appearance of the two ladies. Both the wife and the hag were not very attractive and were old. The wife was described in lines 395-398. â€Å"I was forty then, to tell the truth. But still I always had a coltish tooth. Yes Im gap tooth, it suits me well† The hag, when describing herself, says she was old and ugly. Not to mention she was called a hag. I think the hag was The Wife of Bath in her story. The wife wrote the story to show what she desires and what she was like in real life. She also wrote the story to show what she wanted to be transformed into. I believe that woman today also have desires. Some do desire for power, others for love, a family, success, money, and so on. There are two things that I wanted most in my life. They were: to develop a loving and supportive family and my walk with Jesus Christ. At the age of five, my parents divorced. It did not seem to affect me much since I was so young. However, in 4th grade it seemed I became so angry. I was slamming books and doors. There was one teacher I would always talk back to and get in trouble with. (I can still remember that class and arguing with her to this day). I began to see a counselor and to take anti-depressants. This helped and I seemed to calm down. Since then, I have been on and off of medicine for anger, anxiety, and depression. I think the divorce of my parents had a lot to do with this. I am not ashamed of this, but wish I didn’t have to deal with it. I think that my parents have helped me to deal with the idea that life is not perfect. I think a divorce is a hard thing for both parents and children. Yet, through this strife I had strong parents who were willing to love and support me in every way possible. They wanted the best for me so they did all they could to do that and fulfilled my desire. I can barely remember sitting in Sunday school each week, learning about Jesus. My parents always brought me to church and encouraged that as part of my life. I was never baptized as a child though. They both never really had a religious background growing up, so I guess they never thought about it. As I grew older, I became more involved with the church. At the age of 12, I went through confirmation and was finally baptized. I had accepted Christ into my heart. A few years after that, I began to distance myself from the church community. I began drinking in 8th grade! I would always go back and forth going to church a few weeks, then not for another few weeks. I would decide to be â€Å"good† and then would not follow what I had planned. As I entered high school, I began to attend Young Life. It was youth group type of thing. We sang, ate, and had a devotional. I made several friends and it was a great new start. I started to attend church, but never every Sunday. I stopped drinking throughout 10th grade, but began again in 11th. I struggled with this all four years of high school and still do today. My walk with Christ is not an easy one. I do things wrong, do not attend church regularly, and do not pray or read the Bible as much as I should. I could go on forever. But isn’t that what a Christian is? One who strives to serve Christ at his best, and struggles with it every day. All that time you know, he has already forgiven you and as long as you have faith, you will be saved. Oh what a wonderful feeling. This desire is most important of all and of course you can see why. Because He is the maker of all and without him I would not have all the blessings I do today. So there you go. The Wife of Bath desired what the hag already had. That was power. And also there was beauty and happiness, which the hag had obtained. I desired Christ and family. I have both, but will always have a few kinks to work out. Desire is a personal thing and each person wants something different. Even though we all want something different, the wishes can be granted and you can be relieved. Research Papers on Desire - The Wife of BathHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionMind TravelHip-Hop is ArtAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayWhere Wild and West MeetPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Immigration law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Immigration law - Essay Example Nevertheless, even though Article 8 provides the guidelines for human rights, it also emphasizes the best interest of the children. However, reviews of juvenile legislations of many countries around the world reveal that several nations fail to secure the best interests of their children. The position of the UK courts in relation to case law and legislation In ZH (Tanzania) v Secretary of State for the Home Department1, the court held that whenever parents are faced with deportation, the authorities have to consider the best interests of the children especially where the children have UK citizenship. By taking into account the plight of children in this case, Lord Baroness made judgment that was in line with Article 8 of ECHR. In this case, a mother of two appealed in a court of law after facing deportation charges which could also affect her two children who were British citizens by birth. Even though the mother had attained asylum in the UK illegally, the court held that removing h er would be disproportionate as it would violate the rights bestowed to the children in Article 8. Many governments are presently considering amending their immigration rules in order to have a clear legal framework in respect of a child’s best interest in any removal case. Notably, the interests of a child according to Moreham are taken care of where a child is allowed to remain with the parents in case of leaving the country.2 However, where a child is born in a country in which the parents are not domiciled and the state wishes to remove the parents, then the child can be granted temporary stay based on circumstances that best serve interest such as education or health. In Britain, for a child to be granted permanent residence after extradition of the parents, Thym observes that such a child must have been a resident for not less than six years.3 The position of the UK and the criteria used in discharging its duties and proportionality in protection of minors Under the UK immigration laws, the interests of children must be taken care of and therefore any British court should establish the reasonableness of moving a child to another country. The UK immigration Act 1971 prohibits removal of British citizens. However, in a situation where a non-citizen parent is forcefully removed and decides to move with the children, then the children will have no option but to move with the parent. Nevertheless, these children remain British citizen not only by virtue of birth, but also because they have been resident of UK in the course of their lives. Disappointingly, such children will not enjoy the privileges of growing in their own culture and therefore in carrying out proportionality assessment, the British legal system emphasizes that the best interest of a child must remain a key consideration. Where interest of a child is outweighed by other considerations and in a situation that demands strict adherence to immigration controls, Lord Hope argued that moving children to another country would be tantamount to making them lose the benefits of UK citizenship for the rest of their lives. Undeniably, there is an ensuing tension between provisions of ECHR and how the European Court of Human

Denver Facility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Denver Facility - Essay Example In this case, the inventory management problem is a part of operations scheduling problem. The timing of activities has a direct impact on resources and on time loading. Denver does not take into account the fact that the majority of people have a productivity rate of probably 60-70 per cent of the time they allocate to an activity. Also, the department collected data on the number of trucks only paying no attention to the daily volume on Tuesdays and Friday. The consequences of these issues are work overload and poor service (Barnett 1996). Another problem is product shortage caused by inefficient production facilities and absence of advance notice and ordering system. Loading procedure of the polyols leads to "queues that impede other plant traffic" and absence of proper safety measures. For instance, excess capacity gives rise to low resource productivity, while inadequate capacity or means poor customer service. Decisions made in other areas have a direct impact the other area. Capacity decisions have a direct impact on system performance and on both resource utilization and customer service. It is important to note that organizations cannot operate without good capacity management.

The British Royal Marine Corps' Influence on The United States Marine Research Paper - 1

The British Royal Marine Corps' Influence on The United States Marine Corps - Research Paper Example However, in recent times there have outliers to this assumption. Cases of colonialism are still evident in this modern period. Logic dictates that this practice should have been abandoned alongside other practises like slavery. It is expected that the natives should not be all too willing to undergo colonization. As such, in this respect this paper is dedicated to the study of Indian attitudes and reactions to the presence of the British Empire in their land. When the British gained control of India, they resulted to treating the Indians akin to slaves. Stating that the British treated Indians cruelly would be an understatement. This was bound to evoke feelings of reprisal in the Indian community. In order to understand the complexities of the reactions of the Indians towards the British, it is imperative to first analyse the manner in which the British authority treated the Indians. The facts that have been publicized concerning the British rule in India give a glimpse of the sad realties that faced the Indian population at that time. With respect to the British population in India at the time, the Indians did not have any rights. An example of the treatment they faced is best exemplified by the fact that they were not allowed to walk on the sidewalks next to the British. Failure to adhere to this and any other baseless law resulted in the incarceration of the Indian outlaw. It is right to refer to wrong doers as such, since they basically received treatment akin to outlaws. While inside the jails and prisons, the Indians were severely beaten and abused by the commanding British police officers. The treatment of the Indians at that time is akin to the treatment of the black population by the Americans in the nineteenth century. It is however imperative to note that this had not always been the status quo. In fact, at the beginning of the British presence in India, the relationship between the British and Indians was quite

Highland Tower Collapse and Ramp Construction

Highland Tower Collapse and Ramp Construction Introduction The purpose of this essay is to find out from a field, a building that experienced construction catastrophe, study its short comings and come up with solutions and recommendations of what could be done to ensure the same problem doesn’t happen in the future. The building upon which the research is based in this assignment is called the Highland tower, a building in Selangor Malaysia which collapsed and 48 people died and 12 others were evacuated from the other building. The Highland Towers collapse was an apartment building collapse that occurred on 11 December 1993 in Taman Hillview, Ulu Klang, Selangor, Malaysia. The collapse of Block One of the apartments caused the deaths of 48 people and led to the complete evacuation of the remaining two blocks due to safety concern. It was one of the most tragic building accidents in Malaysian history where residential towers collapsed and killed people. Since then, the government and its subsidiaries sat down in a committee to see a wa y forward for the construction industry especially construction in hilly areas to minimize casualties. The event has been widely publicized, when an American tourist in particular because it is captured in the next ten days and taken to the Tower of photos a dramatic sequence, and crazy rescue operations.       Building professionals with the case of several important influence in Malaysia, which will be the focus of this paper, but also lead to tort law in Malaysia interesting development and clarification. Case study Highland Towers consists of three 12-storey buildings in a steep hill, was later extensively on the terraces in the early 1980s in western base built in stages between 1974 to 1982. Each block is named: Block1 (built in 1977, the most southern) Block2 (built in 1979, north-west block 1, slightly elevated than the other two, the closer to the top of the hill) Block3 (built in 1981, the Northwest block 1, block West 2). Parking behind the mountain rain collapsed building in the swimming pool located on both sides and the rear between Northwest Northeast parking lot after the landslide caused by the failure of the retaining wall behind the building failed, for 10 days. The tower is home to the affluent middle-class families ; considerable proportion of residents are expatriates . Highland Tower was once notorious early 1980s and 1990s for wealthy people to hide their mistress popular place . The water tower is behind a small stream known as the East Creek . Eastern Creek flows into the tower site tower before construction. Later, build a pipeline system to divert flow to bypass the tower in 1991, a new housing development project, called Wu Antarabangsa Development Project , located in the tower Peak behind the start . As a result, the mountain has been cleared of trees and other vegetation and land cover, soil erosion exposed land, which will lead to land slides from the construction site of the w ater diverted into the river to divert the flow of the same East piping systems. eventually, the pipeline system to become over- pressurized water, sand and silt from the Eastern Creek and the construction site. pipe burst at different locations in the mountains, the soil had to absorb excess moisture . December 1993 monsoon rains further worsening the situation . (Block One of the Highland Towers collapsed) Role and responsibilities The Architect (I) there is no defense of this contact is a limited one, at least you must ensure that other aspects of the work of others is competent to complete. Defensive architect, he only retained the design and supervision of three apartment buildings, and denied that his range extends to the drainage, earthworks and retaining walls. It was dismissed by that court. The court held that the architect must take into account the building on which is built in the vicinity of the land, and the land itself, the safety assessment of the building, it must be evaluated. [In addition, the court held that as a matter of fact, the architect concerned about the neighborhood and the building itself, when he submitted the layout plan, the authorities because it includes high tower behind the slope terraces and drainage. Therefore, he must ensure that the work carried out although others in a competent and workmanlike manner] (Ii) there is no difference between the standard care of unqualified doctors Although the architect in reality just a building draftsman, measure their behavior on the court has the ability to architect a standard that if a person is unqualified, but showed himself to have a skill, he will be judged by the standard a competent and qualified staff. (C) there is no excuse to say that compulsory employer does not comply with regulations Finally, the Court seems to have flatly rejected the architects excuse that he can not do anything to stop his boss (employers and engineers in obtaining certificates of fitness in three apartment buildings do not fulfill the conditions stipulated by the local authorities in collusion background, instead of terraces and retaining walls to ensure proper design, provide and sufficient to withstand, even though he knew it would affect the building, he was in charge) slope instability the Court has made clear that, when the law is broken, the architect must report to the authorities after the architect must ensure that the law, even in the risk of being discharged. Engineer Defense engineer, he only retained the design and supervision of three apartment buildings, Highland Towers compound structures within two retaining walls, and submit plans, drainage, and two and denied his range extends to the drainage, earthworks. It was dismissed by that court. The court found that engineers must take into account the building on which is built in the vicinity of the land, and the land itself, the time to assess the safety of buildings, must be evaluated. He should ensure the stability of the slope behind Highland Towers. His duties not by a mere belief that they are built on terraced slopes and retaining walls were discharged by an engineer or other consultant. He should ask the professional is qualified, whether he was doing what impact the safety of cascading tower. [Neglect other aspects of engineers a serious violation of the authorities to take care of his responsibilities to a notification issued by the buyer, and only 10 percent is based on the approved drainage construction] In summary locations near building professionals need to be considered, as well as the safety assessment of the site itself, especially taking into account the adjacent hillside. Building professionals to participate in a limited range can not hide behind, these are the things that they themselves and their employers, but they may be subject to the duties owed to the scope of their service is not limited to this. Building professionals required to ensure that others do the work to engage them in the design may affect / supervisory structure is competent, workmanlike manner to carry out the work. If you think the general building professionals have expertise in a specific area of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹eligibility when they are unqualified, their behavior will be a measure of this expertise qualified doctor. After building professionals must ensure that law and, if necessary to report to the authorities if their clients break the law, even in danger by their client to be discharged. Case application on law of tort Negligence The Highland Towers decision becomes another Malaysian High Court decision which diverges from the approach of the English Courts and adopts the approach taken by other Commonwealth jurisdictions in allowing the recovery of â€Å"pure economic loss†, especially where sufficient proximity can be demonstrated between the negligent act and the loss. Pure economic loss is the loss related to the product itself which is defective by reason of negligence, as opposed to the loss or damage caused to the property of the Plaintiff by this defective product. Nuisance In this cause of action, a Defendant is liable if the Plaintiff can show the Defendant is responsible for a condition or activity which interferes with use or enjoyment of his land, and that condition or activity is not a reasonable user by the Defendant. The Highland Towers decision, requiring the plaintiff must establish an additional requirement that is the type of damage whether the defendant could reasonably foreseeable, the principles adopted from English case law on the extension of the disturbance is limited in Malaysia, Cambridge Water Company leather Co. Ltd. v. Eastern European countries. Cause of structural failure The water tower is behind a small stream known as the East Creek . Eastern Creek flows into the tower site tower before construction, so the establishment of the pipeline system is to divert the flow to bypass the tower. In 1991, a new housing development project, called Bukit Antarabangsa Development Project, located in the tower under construction behind the top of the hill . The mountain is cleared of trees and other vegetation and land cover, land exposed soil erosion is a major factor causing landslides. Construction site of the new water diverted into the existing pipeline systems used to transfer the East river flows. This heavy-duty piping and water, sand and silt from the river and east into the pipeline construction site . Pipes burst, several places in the mountains, and the surrounding soil to absorb excess moisture . December 1993 monsoon rains further deterioration of the situation . The water content in the soil becomes super saturated, so that the soil has become viscous, actually become the degree of clay. October 1992 by the hillside is saturated with water, the water is flowing down the slopes and considered retaining walls . Shortly thereafter, landslides, destroying the construction of a retaining wall. Landslide mud that contains an estimated one hundred thousand square meters a mass equivalent to 200 Boeing 747 aircraft. Rammed earth base to first, gradually pushing it forward. After a month of this constant pressure, foundations snapped and November 1993, the residents began to see cracks forming and expanding the highlands surrounding the tower, on the road warning of collapse. Unfortunately, no further investigation before a collapse December 11, 1993. Safety authorities and Investigation procedures. These were the findings of the investigation that came from the accident. Also indicating who was to blame for the occurrence of the accident. Within the first 24 hours, only two women and an infant were pulled out of the rubble. Indonesian maid Umi Rashidah Khoruman, 22, and her 18-month old daughter Nur Hamidah Najib, survived the ordeal, but the second woman, Japanese national Shizue Nakajima, 50, succumbed to her injuries. Final report from the investigations showed that It was the fault of the property owners not to drain the land that caused the silt to build and thus the massive land slide that led to the collapse of the structure that claimed 48 lives. Liabilities. The following are the court s findings of liability : The first defendant was negligent in assuming responsibility not to engage a qualified architect, building terraces insufficient, inadequate, could reasonably be expected to have caused the collapse of the retaining walls and drains eastward diversion from its natural course and failed to ensure that the slope is adequate water pipe culverts, and hate not maintained drains and retaining walls . The second defendant ( the architect ) is assumed liability for negligence does not ensure adequate drainage and retaining walls built in the adjacent highlands tower site, which he foresaw or should have foreseen that the building would endanger the hillside, he is responsible for, not specified with the authorities on drainage, and the first defendant and the third defendant ( engineers ) collude to get fitness certificate does not fulfill the conditions by the fourth defendant ( local authorities ) are required, in doing so does not comply with his duties, the architect and no investigation retaining walls, even though he knew they would affect the terraced hillsides and construction of buildings, he was responsible for, and hate, because he is an unreasonable land users . The third defendant ( engineer ) is behind the negligence of responsibility without considering the hillside or slope of the tower, there is no basis for the design and construction to accommodate lateral load or alternatively landslide has ensured that the adjacent slope stability, without implementation of the approved drainage plan, and the first and second defendants colluded to get fitness certificate does not fulfill the conditions stipulated by the fourth defendant and a nuisance, because he is irrational use of land. The fourth defendant ( local authorities ) Although the negligence of its construction-related jobs. That is about the building plan approval process to ensure the implementation of the approved construction of drainage systems, and in the Certificate of Fitness problem remains because S95 Street, Drainage and Building Act (2 ) immunity. The fourth defendant, but a maintenance function Eastern stream late in fulfilling its construction can not be spared for its negligence . It also attracted a nuisance liability . The fifth defendant ( Arab Malaysian financial BHD) is liable for the negligence of failure to maintain drains their land, and in the land after the collapse of the measures taken to restore stability . Seventh defendant (Metrolux property ) and its project manager, the eighth defendant, who is the responsibility of negligence and nuisance, to prevent water from flowing into the downhill ( into their website ), but to guide the stream of water into the East, when they knew or ought to have known, this will increase the amount of water injected into the mud and, in particular, have their own extensive land clearing, go east into the stream, it will be deposited, which will in turn ( to prove ) cause or contribute to drainage fault system and a collapse. The ninth and tenth defendant ( basically the state government ), found no liability due to a technical problem on the prosecution of a particular political party. The sixth defendant ( who carried out the work site clean- Arab abortion buyer of land in Malaysia ) found no evidence of responsibility . Remedies About remedies the first this is find a qualified contractors and qualified Designer and construction engineer. In this case causes of building collapse the main reason is to find designer contractor caused by the irrational. So we summary have five points: (i) Nearby locations building professionals need to be considered, as well as the safety assessment of the site itself, especially taking into account the adjacent hillside. (Ii) building professionals to participate in a limited range can not hide behind, these are things that they themselves and their employers, but they may be subject to the duties owed to the scope of their service is not limited to this. (Iii) building professionals required to ensure that others do the work may be engaged to supervise their influence in the design / construction is competent, will carry out their work, a workmanlike manner. (Iv) if the building professionals think they have expertise in specific areas when they are unqualified, their behavior will be a measure of this general qualifications expertise qualified doctor. (V) construction professionals must ensure that the law after a report to the authorities if necessary, if their clients break the law, even in danger by their client to be discharged. The second thing to do is to ensure that the experience and expertise to this project. Next to it is to ensure that all materials and components to be installed and used in order to test its functionality and satisfactory compliance with the required standards. For example; specific laboratory tests should be taken before using compressive strength, stability and durability. Finally, before any part of the project is complete, responsible for the approval before its next regulatory bodies should be. The project is a model for all the items necessary tests, carried out before the actual implementation. Engineers can also use the cause of the weather and other aspects of the model. The third thing is because this situation has occurred for many years, although the court has not yet made the decision, but still want to remind contractors, who together oversee project quality, and how to resolve some of the risk around. Do not let the tragedy happen again. Percentage Frequency of Causes of Building Collapse(Malaysia 1960-2010) So in this table we can see Causes of Building Collapse most reason is Inexperience contractor. Now we need clean know find an experienced contractor is very important, faulty design and due to surrounding building development also account for a large proportion. Recommendations From the above analysis and discussion presented, you can infer that the main reason for the buildings structural failures, design errors and poor workmanship, which may also be applicable to other countries in the world . Also from the results of this study,it is believed that there are three types of claims, can produce any buildings collapsed, that contract claims, tort claims and incidents of both contract and tort claims ; This means that a party can be made in this both his / her request. Therefore, the following recommendations for who had suffered losses in the square building collapse Events so that their requirements: (i) The Government shall endeavor to assist in the investigation of any incidence of building collapse, to allow victims to know the responsible party, and from whom to make a claim . (ii) The Government should assist owners or who have suffered the loss of a building collapse in the event a third party to prosecute their cases in court as they do their other requirements, if they can not, because The expensive nature of the proceedings. (iii) The Government should enact laws that will improve the effectiveness and standards for the construction of buildings. (iv) In addition, the government should monitor, manage and enforce the law, its effectiveness. (v) Every building owner should ensure that qualified professionals and experienced contractors are engaged in carrying out their construction process . (vi) Every professional body should monitor their members and also be ready to penalize any erring member who ISS found liable in building collapse incident. Conclusion Ramp construction led to landslides like we definitely hear a lot of news, and landslides claimed more and more of life events, why is everywhere and felling of trees for the construction of the activities. Otherwise, this tragedy 21 years ago can be avoided! I hope the Government will seriously look at this issue! REFERENCES http://malaysiafactbook.com/Highland_Towers_collapse http://www.nst.com.my/nation/general/i-saw-highland-towers-block-crash-to-

Roderick Chisholm on freedom of the will Essay -- essays research pape

There is much debate over the issue of whether we have complete freedom of the will or if our will caused by something other than our own choosing. There are three positions adopted by philosophers regarding this dispute: determinism, libertarianism, and compatibilism. Determinists believe that freedom of the will does not exist. Since actions are events that have some predetermined cause, no actions can be chosen and thus there is no will to choose. The compatibilist argues that you can have both freedom of the will and determinism. If the causes which led to our actions were different, then we could have acted in another way which is compatible with freedom of the will. Libertarians believe that freedom of the will does exist.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Roderick Chisholm defends Libertarianism, and in his essay â€Å"Human Freedom and The Self† argues that we have freedom of the will. Chisholm does not abandon the idea of causes but instead defines two types of causation. The first is transeunt causation where one event or state of affairs causes another event or state of affairs. This causation is based on a relationship between events. The second is immanent causation where an agent causes an event or state of affairs. An agent is an uncaused causer of events who is not bound by the laws of nature. This causation is based on the relationship between an agent and an event. Chisholm quotes a passage from Aristotle to demonstrate his immanent causation, â€Å"Thus, a staff moves a...